Judul : Japanese Enchephalitis (JE) pada Hewan
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Japanese Enchephalitis (JE) pada Hewan
Comprehension
Japanese encephalitis (JE) is an encephalitis other than the carrier and transmission of the JE virus. The virus belongs to the Flavivirus genus and the Flavivirus family. particle virus berndut sferis dengan obolon yang taksad dari many lipids, memiliki baristengah as 45-50nm dapat bemultiplikasi lebih baik pada suhu renhad.
Japanese B encephalitis virus or Japanese B encephalitis virus was introduced into Japan in 1935 and was named Japanese B encephalitis virus of group B (an arthropod-borne virus).
Penyakit JE dapat beggari bergaan jenis hewan, seperti guda, sapi, bagal, kerbau, dan domba serta jenis unggas seperti ayam, itik, dan jenis burung. Sickle infestation Manusia merupakan jalan akhir dari (dead end reservoir).
JE virus dissebarkan oleh janis nyamuk culex, melalui sixel zoonotik. The virus is transmitted by the vectors C. gelidus, C. fuscocephala, and C. vishnui. Infectious JE virus is common in tropical and subtropical Asia, parts of India, China, Japan, Korea, and Southeast Asia. In Indonesia, JE infections have been detected in 7 provinces: West Sumatra, West Kalimantan, Papua, West Java, Bali, Western Islands Minor Zone, and Timur Minor Zone Islands.
JE viral infection in animals does not usually cause clinical symptoms. Symptoms of clinical encephalitis are found in animals, animals and humans. Pada terapak lainnya (itik, sapi, domba, kerbau) sikmana enkefalit tidak nampak, and JE dapat terdeteksy virus antibodies. In young animals, the infection is also transmitted clinically, which is associated with the pathogenicity of the JE virus strain.
Japanese Encephalitis On the menu at Sebagai Penyakit
Japanese encephalitis (JE) merupakan penyakt langaram otak menus baiat zoonosis, begirgai hewan in manusia, characterized by dengan demam, syaraf syaraf and sablud reproduczione. Serological examination of Hasil leads to the appearance of antibodies on the islands of Daera Kleinsone.
This indicates that the disease is endemic, can cause brain damage and death in humans, and can also affect various animal species such as horses, cattle, sheep, goats, lambs and calves, chickens and ducks.
Etiology and nature of JE
JE virus originally belonged to group B dicolupoccan sebagay kelompuk arbovirus, kemuida diclasifacican sebagay of the togavirus family, and sekaran JE virus secamat dalam eclembol kelompuk flavivirus of the Flaviviridae family.
JE virus includes yang beramlop virus ribonucleic acid (RNA), Pada amlop luar oleh amlop (E) protein, and is a protective antigen. Hal ini mendat dalam masuknya virus ke dalam cells but virus ini tidak tahan tepadang pelarut lemak seperti ether, chloroform, sodium deoxycholate and proteolytic enzyme or lipolytic enzyme. The virus is sensitive to detergents and trypsin, sensitive to actinomycin D or guanidine.
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| structural virus |
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| structural protein virus |
At the basal level (PH 7-9), JE virus is stable, JE virus is inactive at temperatures above 56°C, as well as in ultraviolet light. The average pH value (pH) for Pertumbukhan virus is 8.5.
The length of the virus is 40-50 nm, electron microscopy is negative, the length is 20-30 nm, the length is 60-70 x 106 daltons. After gradient encapsulation, JE virus has a driving force density of 1.19 to 1.20 g/cm3 and 1.22 to 1.24 g/cm3 in esium chloride.
lainnya yang diduga virus belongs to the family Flaviviridae, genus Flavivirus antara lain, Cacipacore virus (CPCV), Coutango virus (KOUV), Murray Valley encephalitis virus (MVEV), St. Louis encephalitis virus (SLEV ), Usutu virus (USUV), West Nile virus (VNV), Yaoundé virus (NAV).
Flaviviruses, however, are just some of the viruses that play an important role in the appearance of disease cases with economic, psychological and political consequences, especially for the world of tourism.
Tersebut antara virus is the basis of JE, dengue fever, West Nile and Murray Valley emcephalitis. However, JE virus is not diagnosed by a serotype, but by a JE virus serotype.
Epidemiology
Penderita penyakat JE pertama tuwatan di jepang tahun 1871. Penyebaynya diisolasi tahun 1934 dari virus biopsy of penderis yang meningah. In Korea Selatan diisolasi tahun 1946 In Vietnam diisolasi tahun 1951
You can find it in the Asian region, in select countries of the People's Republic of China, Thailand, Burma, India, Malaysia, Indonesia, Hong Kong, and Guam. While Di Jepang and Vietnam sendir penyakat itu sudah mulai reda.
JE di Negara-Negara Epidemiological situation in Asia, including Indonesia. The situation that will happen later today is not yet available.
Pengalaman di jepang nimugaan bahwa dengan tsiksin nyamuk culex di start arihanan dan tsiksin babi tepak Karena tsiksin kehosant pangan pangan dapat kelimada letusan penikat je from indonesia.
In Asia, the Japanese encephalitis (JE) virus affects between 30,000 and 50,000 people. The casus fatalitas ranges from 0.3% to 60% and varies by population and country.
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| Epidemiology of Asia Tenggara |
Residents of rural areas with endemic areas are at higher risk. Japanese encephalitis usually occurs in urban areas.
Hal ini di karenakan daerah buisiking yan masih banyak dapatan lahan arihantan yan merupakan sarang bagi merkebyanya nyamuk penyebar Japanese encephalitis virus yaitu nyamuk culex.
Usually nyamuk ini akan peset mengba pada saat mushi mushi antar bulan January, February, April, August, October, November and December yang merupakan musim pengkhujan. Hal relakuten Erat dengan gegetati bertani yang dimiliua pada musim hujan, yang merupakan media yang baik bagi bekansi nyamuk.
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| Hasil sueveilans JE yes Indonesia |
Olson et al. (1985) found that satu kali vang, diperol 66 ekor Culex tritaeniorhynchus betina, maca 1% in nemuk bacteria.
The population of C. tritaeniorhynchus sebagai salah satu vetor JE is known to increase at the beginning of the planting season, during sawmilling and at the end of the planting process.
It is closely related to the elements of organic matter and organisms that appear in the plant mass, which is characterized by a certain odor due to the fermentation of molasses, romput and lumpur. Environmental conditions are better than Culex, especially C. tritaeniorhynchus, C. gelidus and C. fuscochepala.
After sowing, it is necessary to reduce the humidity of the air and carry out fermentation.
Semang of Induk
JE virus dapat meninginfeksi dan manusia, yang Pakistan dengan adanya reporter terdetexinya antibody tepadan JE virus pada north speci pesce pespi seperti kerbau, sapi, kambing, domba, sapi, itik, ayam, anjing, kenli, kera dang.
Tidak hanya di Negara yan population of babinya chakup banyak, case of JE sering tadiri, namun Russia and India yan population of babinya sangat kecil, while there is fiery liar chakup banyak, case of JE pada manusia di Negara tersebut juga tinggi.
Di Negara yan babinya sangat kesil population, tepai sapi dan kerbaunya sangat besar population, JE virus can be detected in sapi dan kerbau. Namun kasus penyakat pada manusia tidak perahan kepatan. This reservoir prevents the virus.
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| The infection virus Babi Yang Mati Diduga Karen JE |
This may be because the viremia titre produced in cattle and ruminants is still low and all mosquito species are potential carriers of JE virus.
Please provide brief facts dapat disimpulkan bahwa baba dan burung liar merupakan yang elang potenzial untuk yang perkembangbiakan virus JE yang siap ditularkan kepada hewan in a manusia melalui nyamuk.
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| JE pada hewan cycle in manusia hid |
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| Hidup ZhE cycle |
Untuk mengetahi apakah konditioni juga pada unggas dan lainnya yang dapat amektas sebagai reservoir, perlu kiwanda peresinikan lebih langjut.
Penyakita Cause Vector
JE virus dissebarkan oleh janis nyamuk culex, melalui sixel zoonotik. ke binatang melalui virus vector C. gelidus, C. fuscocephala and C. vishnui pada daerah pemasikan babi dekat Bogor, Jawa Barat.
Penyebaran penyakat JE tydak dapat ditularkan langsung dari virus kepada menderes, teppa harus melalui vectoru. Hingga saat ini, vector JE yang banyak disekitar disekitar kita adah nyamuk. Hingga saat ini JE nyamuk virus has been successfully isolated from Culex, Aedes, and Anopheles.
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| Aedes sp. |
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| Culex SP. |
JE virus or antigen is obtained by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), immunofluorescence, or virus isolation. JE virus or antigen found in female culex sp., Aedes sp. From Anopheles sp. as shown in the table.
Table. Antigen detection of Culex spp., Aedes spp. Anopheles species.
Culex spp. | Aedes spp. | Anopheles species. |
Tritheniorghynchus | vexansnipponio | Step |
Bitaeniorhynchus | dawn peak | Gikran China |
Vishnu | jackets | childhood |
Chinese | esoensis | Cancel |
Gelidus | Tagalog | Signature |
fuskachepala | Japanese | |
whitmore | bacteria | |
Epidemic | ||
Pipeline | ||
pseudo cherry |
Source: Hasegawa et al., 1975; Van Penen et al., 1975; Olson et al., 1985; Sombon et al., 1989; Vitilingham et al., 1995.
Destruction of Culex, Aedes and Anopheles, JE virus juga tuludi diisolasi dari rodlain seperti Armigeres subalbatus, Mansonia annulifera, Mansonia bonnea, Lasiohelea taiwana, Haemophysalis.
Menyularkan JE baik dari hewan ke hewan seperti C. bitaeniorhynchus, semper dari hewan ke manusia, C. tritaeniorhynchus seperti are some of the species that have proven to be the best vectors. .
Diyakini pula bahwa disamping kedua species Culex tersebut amektas sebagai potential yang bleaching vector, Culex species lainnyajuga dapat amektas sebagai infection vector JE seperti C. vishnui, C. gelidus and C. fuschocephalus.
JE pathogenesis
JE virus infection There is a high possibility of JE virus infection. In Pada babi, viremia occurs within 2 to 4 days, followed by antibody formation within 1 to 4 minutes. The JE virus fights the JE virus.
Kematic nanin va mummification dapat tadirihan apabila infection JE taksuna pada umur kebuntingan 40-60 hari. Although the infection is called umur kebuntingan JE na 85 hari, the abnormality it causes is called sangat sedik.
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| JE stage overlap virus |
Clinical symptoms, changes in pathology and histopathology.
JE merupakan salah satu penikat arbovirus yang baiat zoonosis in dapat ditularkan dari hewan ke manusia. However, the clinical clinic among children is weakening, kadang kadang klinika klinika tampak, namun hal ini zarang sekali tadida. If induk babi yang see JE oat infection virus, dapat kekemada lahir mati, keguguran and mummification.
Bayi babi lahir dalam keppan lemah, katanan adanya sarafad an kadang kadang dengan accompanied by symptoms of saraf yan kemidu mati. Kelainan tersebut antara lain puroopa hydrocephalus, subcutaneous swelling pada babai baba dan kekerdilan pada baba yang temeninan mummification.
It should be noted that pathological abnormalities are usually not detected in young people as a result of JE infection. Akan teppa, abdola pathologist dapat diamati pada fruit baba dalam kandungan akibat induknya teriinfecti virus JE pada waktu oatmeal.
Berat atau ringannya symmena tersebut Periode umur kebuntingan varies according to. akibat infeksi JE pada tepak dan manusia tidak sama. It depends on the type and age of the breed.
According to Manus
Japanese encephalitis has an incubation period of 5 to 15 days and most infections show no symptoms: only 1 in 250 infections develops into encephalitis. Fever, headache and malaise are nonspecific symptoms of this disease and can last from 1 to 6 months.
Tanda-tanda yan tanda selama stage of acute kekakuan leher encephalitis, cachexia, hemiparesis, kejang dan suhu tubuh bemangant between 38 and 41 degrees Celsius.
Mortalitas penyakat ini varies, but is usually more lebih tinggi pada anak-anak. Transplacental diatomaceous earth exchanger. Lama-Life has a nervous system similar to the nervous system, lability, emotionality and hemiparesis. Dalam kasus yang yang ditatura bilabakan efek juga includes nausea, calm head, demam, muntah and kadang kadang swollen testicles.
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| Symptoms of JE Pruning Manusia |
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