Judul : Macam-Macam Vulnus (luka) dan Penangananya
link : Macam-Macam Vulnus (luka) dan Penangananya
Macam-Macam Vulnus (luka) dan Penangananya
Protection
Vulva (wound) - a breakdown, rupture or separation of skin tissue due to bleeding or non-injury by mechanical, thermal or chemical damage.
Wounds (open wounds) in horses often occur because horses are very active, especially when housed in poorly supported stalls.
The ulna is often injured by sharp objects (nails, logs, fence wire, etc.) or by blunt objects (stones, logs, saddle ropes, etc.).
Vulnus can be classified according to the cause, including: saddle (pain on the back due to incorrect saddle fitting), bunion (pain in the middle part of the leg), vulnus punctio (wound from knife parts), femoral serativa (wound from wire scratches). , vulnus incisiva (cut by sharp objects), vulnus Tramatica (cut by sharp objects).
A wound is a breakdown of tissue parts/organs, especially a damaged or missing piece of tissue.
When the wound occurs, several consequences occur: full or partial organ function, sympathetic stress response, bleeding and bleeding, bacterial infection, cell death.
Injuries caused by sharp objects, damage to tissue integrity due to injuries from objects/tools such as sharp edges and sharp instruments. Characteristics of wounds caused by sharp objects: flat edges of the wound, sharp corners of the wound, hair/hair cuts, tissue bridging, abrasion/scratching.
To deal with the above mentioned wounds:
- Localization: coordination, coordination, size, number of lesions, shape of lesion, foreign body, life/postmortem event, fatal wound/none
- Method of injury: accident / suicide / murder. Types of wounds caused by sharp objects: wounds (cuts), stab wounds (knife wounds), burns (cuts).
Injury from heavy objects or tools with sharp or slightly sharp edges due to swinging with great force.
The characteristics of the burn: the wound is usually large, the edges of the wound are equal, the angle of the wound is sharp, it always causes damage to the bone, it can cut the body part with a knife, sometimes there are wounds. , differences in the edge of the wound.
The symptoms are usually seen in the form of tears in the skin, the area becomes tighter, and sometimes a bad smell and discharge remain for a long time in the area of removal.
Sputum discharge in the mucus area is a sign of secondary infection with external environment, such as streptococci and staphylococci, sputum bacteria. Symptoms that occur without timely treatment can cause myiasis.
It is pulled until the wound is healed and enough to withstand the physiological stress.
Mechanism of injury
A grooved wave caused by cutting with a sharp object. For example, what happens as a result of the operation.
Clean (sterile) wounds usually heal after all blood vessels (dressings) have been destroyed. Bruise (Vulnus brise) is caused by pressure and is characterized by soft tissue damage, bleeding and swelling.
Abrasions (irritation pockets) are caused by the skin rubbing against other objects, usually a rug. Puncture wounds are caused by small diameter objects such as bullets or knives that penetrate the skin.
Scratches (fracture of the vagina) are caused by sharp objects such as glass or wire. A penetrating wound, a wound that penetrates into the body, is usually a small diameter wound at first, but the wound grows larger over time.
Types of wounds
Wounds are often described based on how the injury occurred and the severity of the wound. Wounds are divided into two types.
1. Closed wound (vulnus occlusum).
This is a wound where the skin remains intact and the tissue beneath the skin has no contact with the outside world, so this is the result of a hard, blunt trauma. External lesions include:
- Contusion (injured lip), damage to the subcutaneous tissue is only partially visible.
- Hematoma, damage to the subcutaneous tissue is accompanied by bleeding, so it looks blue from the outside.
- Spots where only the top part of the skin is damaged or the entire thickness of the skin is not damaged (wool streaks).
- Blisters occur just under the skin's epidermis, causing fluid-filled areas to form. Burning body
- Cool
- Closed fracture
- Breakdown of internal organs such as the liver and spleen
2. Open wound (vunus aprtum)
This type of wound is a wound where the skin or tissue under the skin is damaged. These injuries are caused by sharp objects, gunshots and excessive exposure to traffic accidents. Types of open wounds:
- Ulcers (genitals of Mars). These injuries are usually caused by animals such as dogs, cats, tigers, bears and snakes.
- Acute wounds (feminine scissoring), lacerations, damage to the skin tissue surrounding the wound, or sharp objects such as knives or glass.
- Acute wounds (vulnustramaticus). These lesions are usually non-obvious lesions and oral lesions are already internal. The edges of the wound are often pressed into the wound, for example by piercing and driving nails.
- Penetrating wounds (vulnus penetratum) are wounds that penetrate body cavities such as the peritoneum and pleura. During breathing, pain becomes visible, movements on the affected side are reduced and tension is felt.
- Open fracture
- An aphthous ulcer (vulnus avulsum) is a partial or complete loss of bone that also involves removal of healthy tissue, such as ear fractures and umbilical cord surgery.
- Acute wounds are injuries caused by flat objects such as gunshot wounds (cross-shaped vulva).
Preparation for surgery
There are many things that need to be done or prepared before the surgery, including the disinfection and sterilization of the instruments used in surgery, surgery, and animal care.
In addition to sterilizing and disinfecting surgical instruments, the condition of the animal, such as history, medical history and current condition, should be done to make it possible to diagnose the disease. Then the surgery is done and the anesthesia given before the surgery needs to be taken into consideration.
Operating technology
Closed Wound Surgery Method: Hematoma
Before the operation, the animal was placed on its back and local anesthesia was performed. The edges of the hematoma are cut and cleaned with cotton soaked in iodine.
A clean wound is sewn without stitches, but with special staples. The purpose of using these substances is to prevent skin closure of the wound from encroaching on the subcutaneous tissue surrounding the wound. This type of wound closure prevents fluid retention (seroma formation).
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| Hematoma on the skin of the dog - a type of closed wound, the damage to the tissues under the skin is accompanied by bleeding. |
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| Most of the blood pool. |
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| Close the wound with special foods. |
After surgery:
After the operation, you can take care of medicines in the form of antibiotics and pain relievers. Treat surgical wounds and maintain cleanliness.
Open wound surgery method
Injured: Python reticulatus (Puspo Kajang).
The patient is placed in a sitting position after being put under general anesthesia. Then it is treated with saline NaCl solution, antiseptic, antiseptic (nebastine powder), after which a simple cut pattern is sewn with silk thread.
After surgery:
Post-operative treatment, the drug Dufapen in the form of antibiotics, 1 ml injection, 1 ml injection, anthrax pain reliever 1 cm / in. Treat surgical wounds and maintain cleanliness.
B - Open wounds: in a female greyhound.
The patient was put under general anesthesia and then transferred to the supine position. Wounds on the body are treated with physiological saline solution. After cleaning, the skin is glued back into place.
The skin is cut laterally and medially from the places near the elbow. The lateral skin is raised and the scalp is moved over the wound. The skin is then closed with 4/0 nylon sutures with simple interrupted sutures.
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| Figures (a) and (b) show the positions that can be placed laterally as well as the lifting and moving of the skin. |
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| A 10-year-old female Saluki with a 20 cm wide open wound. |
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| Lateral and medial incisions begin on the side near the elbow. |
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Section description : a) Lateral and medial section. b) Pick up the lateral incision and move it toward the scalp wound. in). Skin in one. |
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| The final result of the operation |
After surgery
Post-operative treatment such as analgesics 3 g/kg/s and anti-inflammatory drug Carprofen 2.2 mg/kg daily for 5 days. Keep them clean and the stitches can be removed 10 days after the operation.
Help:
Sudisma Ngura et al. 2006. Veterinary Medicine and Surgical Technique. Udayana University. Denpasar.
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