Judul : Perdarahan pada Hewan dan Penangananya (Bedah Veteriner)
link : Perdarahan pada Hewan dan Penangananya (Bedah Veteriner)
Perdarahan pada Hewan dan Penangananya (Bedah Veteriner)
This can be used to make the system work better. Ada tiga komponent utama dalam circulatory system darah antara lain jungtung, mukul darah, dan darah.
This organ must function as much as possible to avoid disturbances to the body of animals and humans . Other organs such as the lungs, heart and kidneys are also protected by the circulatory system.
In medical terms, the term perfusion is known as perfusion, which means adequate blood circulation.
When the body is flooded, the body and the body do not get enough blood, this is a dangerous situation, such that the life of the flood is shortened so that the body dies, the body also dies. This condition is called hypoperfusion.
Bila satu dari tiga orrel suktaan tersebut tidak berkja maximo karena suatu hal, maka orrel lain juga ikut berkensat impactaknya.
Definition of Pendarahan
Pendarahan (bleeding) merupakan keluarnya darah dari mukulda darah, usually akibat cedera. Pendarahan besar mampu kelamadan banyak darah dilukhan sehka berakat hypoperfusi. If bleeding occurs in the damaged organ or body, a process called hemostasis occurs to stop the bleeding.
In the event of childbirth, haemostasis requires an adequate number of blood platelets, an amount of blood clotting protein (blood clotting factor) and adequate constriction of the blood vessels.
When the injury occurs, the blood vessels in the wall burst. In an injured Pambulh, the blood is constricted so that the blood flows more slowly to initiate the freezing process.
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| Look at Luca |
Platelets also travel to the damaged wall, where a certain protein changes the shape of the platelet from round to lumpy so that it attaches to blood vessels, separating the walls of damaged blood vessels from each other. Another protein forms a long chain called fibrin.
So benan benang fibrin muzuna jaring yang memerangkap va menduan thrombusit ve sel darah untuk terus bersama and kristinat gumpalan pada dinding mukul darah.
Once the solid is stable, the protein stops the coagulation process and eventually dissolves the solid.
Bleeding ganguan dapat tadari saat lahir (bawaan) atau tadari kemidu (dapatan). Clotting defects in blood proteins are usually caused by bleeding into the tissues, while defective platelets are caused by a small amount of fine black blood caused by bleeding in the stomach or blood vessels.
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Genis-genis Pendarahan
Pain in the hole is divided into 2 parts, including:
a. Pendarahan primer
This is the bleeding that occurs when blood vessels are damaged due to excessive blood flow.
Bleeding depends on several factors, such as the type of artery or vein, major and large blood vessels, and the type of injury. For example, in superficial skin surgery, maka yang terpotong hanya kapiler-kapiler saja, jadi yang mutsura adalah letak en akibatnya.
Tempat atau locasi teradainan luka juga sangat terdainan teredainan bleeding dan besar kecilnya bleeding tangangan dari vascularisasi dari tsarkan itu hear, for example pada luka of cornea dan tendo dinisi bleeding yang terihan sitikit.
In other cases, if the wound occurs in the network of many blood vessels, penonjolan should be observed during the operation.
b. Pendarahan Secondary School
Bleeding that occurs later (after a while) after the first bleeding has stopped. Terjadi bleeds first (primary) and after a few hours it can be 6-12 hours or days / days later.
Ini Visa Penduang Kelanjutan Dari Primer Karazakan Karazakan Terada Highly operated blood cloud (artery) but Karen Yang Ikatan Yang Maka Weapa is not compatible with Ikatanbukonny drugs.
In addition to primary and secondary bleeding, there are different types of bleeding depending on the location of the bleeding, including:
a. pendarahan capillaries
Terjadi bila darahnya comes from the capillary, ventricular bleeding is like a drop. Darah yang keluar merembes slowly karena mukul ini sangat kecil ia tidak melikan melikan. Luka ini sebulu den cepat service.
More seperti darah injured artery or vein. Pendarahan depends on the skin surface, connective tissue and parenchymal tissue. Although it is small, it should be stopped if there is a lama in a hurry.
b. The vein of Pendarahan
Ovarian bleeding occurs due to a ruptured vein. You can get more information (more and more time) by using CO2.
The Pendarahan type is easy to handle. The pressure in the vein is lower than the outside air pressure, so there is a greater chance that outside air will block the stool from the hole. Pengaruh dari bleeding in the veins pada pasien thangan dari beratnya bleeding. Pendarahan vein dapat benjalija jika sila blade.
For example, the functioning of the serous organ of the didera. At that time syncat pendarahn tidak tampak, but bila dalam time lama bisa causes anemia.
against Arteria Pendarahan
Uterine bleeding comes from the artery. Darah dari mukbul arteri keluar dengan memancar sosian dengan dulse arteri (darah keluar terputus-putus / menyebar soasiuan dengan dulse jungtung) and berwana terang karena kaya O2.
When blood pressure drops, blood flow to the surgeon decreases. The pressure causes systole and the bleeding is difficult to control. In animals with megalam, the bleeding artery must be carefully monitored and managed, as the amount of blood drawn from it is large and can lead to hypoxia.
It should be noted that the bleeding that occurs depends on the amount of blood lost, because it can endanger the patient's life.
In general, blood loss of up to 1/3 of the body's total blood is irreversible. The phrase darah ± 10-11% dari berat tubuh.
Ganguan Pendarahan Pada Hewa
Penderahan yang taridani pada hewan diawali dengan teradainan luka yang dalam ini ini case coagulation process darahnya darahnya temeradeni irrudana so hemostasis process pun tidak terdaninan.
In some animal species, bleeding is caused by a disturbance of the hemostasis mechanism (bawaan atau dapatan) and this may be the most serious cause, among others:
a. Gangguan protein in Pembeku.
Gangungung darat dapat tadari karena bawaan and dapatan protein coagulation.
- The Bawaan factor. Several proteins are involved in the blood clotting process. Protein deficiency can cause bleeding disorders. Terjadi deficiency or clotting defect of dapat munpulg pada usia muda proteins. Cacat parah is usually fatal. Animals can die or die soon after birth. Acute protein or vitamin K (yang juga merupakan bagian dari coagulation process) pada hewan yang baru lahir dapat kemenadaan tedikan cacat coagulation yang buruk. If the coagulation amount of each protein is 5-10%, the puppy can survive, but usually before 6 months he will show occasional illness (vaccination procedures or some can cause severe bleeding). Pada guda, kucing, anjing telah jakarta akibat penyakat Hemophilia A (kekurangan factor VIII).
- Dapata factor. Most of the protein coagulation is produced by hati. Oleh karena itu, penyakt hati dapat melamandi kekemuk ke kekem coagulation of proteins, in particular factor VII, IX, X, XI. The reduction in protein clotting can be small or large. Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) suatu kondisi diman bekuan darah kecil merkaya sanghal aliran darah, membloki mukul darh kecil va pulmuzhan platelets va clotting factor yang kepilan untuk control penarahan. Ini usually happens akibat pemicu several serious events, such as severe infections, stroke, lung cancer, tumor or even injury. Due to the bleeding, it is necessary to check and control. Death from blood clots that slow circulation or collapse, leading to organ failure. Treatment that supports DIC therapy protects normal circulation.
b. Ganguana plate
Gangungan thrombocyte kamisut didamnya thrombocytopenia or thrombocyte thrombocytes yang tidak bekerja dengan baik. Gangguan dapat karena bawaan atau dapatan. In some animals infected with viruses, parasites, or bacteria, thrombocytopenia often occurs, which is usually a problem with the immune system.
Thrombocytopenia occurs when the dysfunctional immune system (idiopathic thrombocytopenia or idiopathic thrombocytopenia) occurs when the immune system keta sistema membuat som-som-som produces platelets or the antibody that destroys platelets.
Thrombosis of Pada kucing niruduan in tedikan akibat penyakt Chediak-Higashi syndrome, yaitu dari gatz darah putih abnormal, pigmented melanositis and platelets, Von Willebrand disease (gangguan factor VIII) pada anti-inflammatories and antibiotics. ) juga pada guda yang menakan produksi wafer disum-sum tulang.
Aspirin, acetaminophen and penicillin can suppress platelets in the blood. Platelets return to normal when the drug is stopped.
against Ganguan Pambulh Darah
Dapat fingers sejak lahir atau akibat penyakt inflammation yang parah dari nirudang muzul darah dan nirudang bleeding. Ehlers-Danlos syndrome is also known as skin asthenia caused by a protein binding defect in the skin.
In this case, the structural weakness of the blood vessels can lead to blood clotting disorders. Penyakit Canine Herpesvirus without catching the disease.
D. Ganguan Pembekuan Darah
Abnormal blood clotting (pathological thrombosis) is not the result of blood clotting causing blockage of blood vessels. This is an anticoagulant or keel mixture.
Pada guda yang yang langen penyakt penyakat general inflammation seperti colic, laminitis (radang kuku) or ehrlichial colitis (colon infection) gumpalan darah besar besar. Guda with colic is associated with endotoxemia (bacteria in the bloodstream), which reduces the activity of the enzyme that dissolves fibrin, a blood clotting agent.
Kucing dan anjing dengan cardiomyopathy (peniakit otot jantung) dapat muzuna bekuan darah pada arteri besar. In the damaged wall, the blood that comes out of the heart is muddled due to a lack of heart function.
Dear Mengatasi Pendarahan
Pendarahan yang tadari pada hewan harus sedapat can be stopped because it can lead to the death of the animal. Bleeding may need to stop for a variety of reasons, including:
- Selama surgery is performed in such a way that the bleeding that occurs interferes with the operation, making it difficult to observe the tissues.
- Adanya bleeding pada luka result of the operation alat alat dan sarung tangan menjadi kasar, kain drip dan tampon akan kehita bern marah sehatan membi kesan operated itu seperti pembantaian.
- Pendarahan yang banyak seringan kemanada hewan shock menlami. Cehilangan darah yang tidak dapat diatasi oleh tubuh dengan rantai physiological reaction yang mula dapat mengkompensasi maar bilmana bleeding sukuk maka akan akan irreversible yang shock akenan akan dan die.
- Terjadi anoxia merupakan bahaya terbesar yellow bleeding, especially the myocardial brain tissue. If anoxia occurs from the brain to the myocardium, it can be treated with a blood transfusion, but the patient is not always safe from the risk of anoxia, for example in a disorder that lasts long enough to damage the myocardium.
- Pedarahan dapat pula menggangu kesembuhan luka juga akan simpilar teradainan infeksi.
The way to overcome the bleeding that occurred can be done through prayer:
a. Sendiri (obviously)
This is a natural way to deal with bleeding, where the bleeding stops because there is blood clotting of the blocked blood vessel.
Karen ujung intimate mukul darah membengkok kelaman seha darah yang sudah menjucur keluar akan membeku. Hal akan menjadi sumbatan mukul darah yang ujungnya sudah menyempit.
Freezing prose Darah ini tadari secara alami. The blood clotting process can be accelerated if the patient's condition is not stable:
- A precursor of vitamin K, this flow aids in the prothrombin formation process
- Pember ion Ca ++ peros, sontikan
- Dengan obat-obatan yang has contact with darah, misalya coagulin
- By expanding the area where blood clotting takes place, the process of fibrin formation is accelerated.
Pemberian is treated with vitamin K and Ca ++ ions, side effect karena yang yang yang yang yang yang yang yang yang yang yang yang yang.
b. dihentic (artificial)
Next hemostasis / penghentian secara iriran, intermediate:
- to crush Yaitu dengan menjepit ujung mukul darah yang terpotong, misalkan dengan arteri klem. Here, sufficient pressure is applied to the blood vessel until the bleeding stops. In this case, it is necessary to have only blood vessels, as this can further damage the network.
- Tribe. Yaitu usaha memuntir mukul darah yang terpotong. This can be done, for example, at the source of broken blood vessels, the point is dijepit with an artery clamp, the effect of hemostasis diperolerh perfectly memuntir / mempilin clamp of the artery. The push and turn method often gives good results in overcoming penarahan and can only be used for small blood vessels.
- Ligation / ligase. Yaitu dengan cara tiemuk mukul darah yang breakus. Be careful in case of rupture (artery or vein) and large blood vessels. Ropes that can be used to tie ropes, catguts or ropes. Cara ini pale banyak dankan and sangat perdkta to ng kemening dari mukul darah besar misalya arteri.
- Sewing / Quilting. Disini is made cahitan sedumen dengan tserikan disekitarnya. To do this, exit the menu. Yuga has the effect of reducing minor bleeding such as subcutaneous bleeding, pada telinga bleeding, etc.
- Push push. Ini hanya berefect pada bleeding yang yang yang (capillary) yang bisa stopped is pressure. Pressure is applied by pressing on the bleeding spot with a tampon (sterile cage) and bleeding begins. Usaha hemostase dengan tampon dalam suatu operaris harus dinkan setahap demi setahap misalan operi pada perut, maka mula-mula harus konsanakan kulit bleeding (hentikan dulu sekara sekampan), dan atasi atasi bleeding pada otontya dan menuiot danotny bleeding. Hemostasis obtained with the tampon method gives good results compared to other methods because there is no tissue or body damage.
- The Yaitu turntable binds the proximal part of the bleeding site with the help of elastic materials so strong that the bleeding is stopped by pressing on the artery. Disini focus utamanya hanya artery pada. The tourniquet is limited to the area where bleeding can occur. The advantage of occasional bleeding is that the source of the bleeding is not known, but the bleeding will stop. The defect that is suppressed here is not only the blocked blood vessels, but other parts are also suppressed so that the tissue dies. Pegunagan tehniki hanya pada operasi taksana ekor.
turnstile of pada anjing 
Pada Kuda tournament - Cauterization / cauterization. Yitu Dengan Cara Membar Jaringan Sakat Menimbulkan Penjendolan Dari protein sahat Pendara Akan Berhenta. This procedure is done in case of minor bleeding, where other haemostasis can be achieved, for example minor bleeding in a relatively hard place, bleeding in a small area where the blood vessels are covered with small tissues (where another haemostasis can be performed becomes ). ,. Cauterization is done with a pembakar / cautery tool. Kauterisasi ada two macam yaitu potential (dengan band-banda yang secara kimiya mendangan efek penabaran tsarkan misalya Ag Nitrate, PK yang pecat) and real (dengan menggunakan band-benda yang berpijar misalanya dengan soldier). Alat pembakar / cauter also has two types, namely electrocautery (dengan aliran listrik) and autocautery (sumber panas sendir).
grooming tools 
Cauterization in prose - Medication This is a substance used to cause bleeding on the surface of a wound, usually minor bleeding from a wound, such as a laceration. Obat-obatan ini misalanya menggunakan asam juka-glaciale, asam nitrate, ferric sulphate, ferric chloride, tannin. Drugs also act as a support (menghentikan darah dengan cara njeskan obat / substansi tersebut dipermukaan), for example adrenalis kombus kapas kemidan ditempelkan dipermukaan tempat yang temapa yang temapa yang semperkan bleeding. Pemberian coagulasia khusus misalya dengan coagulen, sangostop, dan anaroxyl juga dapat kelananan teradainan kemana.
Reference
Hackner, Susan G. 2012. Blood disorders: A SIMPLIFIED DIAGNOSTIC APPROACH. Cornell University Veterinary Specialist: USA
http://www.merckmanuals.com/pethealth/cat_disorders_and_diseases.html
http://www.merckmanuals.com/pethealth/horse_disorders_and_diseases/blood_disorders_of_horses/introduction_to_blood_disorders_of_horses.html
http://www.merckmanuals.com/pethealth/dog_disorders_and_diseases/blood_disorders_of_dogs/bleeding_disorders_of_dogs.html
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