Judul : Teknik Operasi Trepanasio Pada Hewan (Bedah Kepala & Leher)
link : Teknik Operasi Trepanasio Pada Hewan (Bedah Kepala & Leher)
Teknik Operasi Trepanasio Pada Hewan (Bedah Kepala & Leher)
Trepanasio is an operation command by tapping a hard-walled jonggi using a trepan device. Craniotomy One Conta Trepanasio Adal Opera.
Craniotomy is one of the operations performed by opening the skull, which aims to receive the final surgery using tropine, such as surgery on the sinus head or surgery on the lungs.
The skull has a narrow cavity that is only occupied by the brain and the brain (cerebrospinal fluid), therefore, if there is swelling due to the cedar head, it will increase the pressure in the head cavity.
If this situation continues, the brain will be suppressed, so that the vital functions in the body separating the functions of breathing, circulation and consciousness will be disturbed, thus causing death.
Trepanation is often performed on large animals, among others, to open the maxillary sinus major, maxillary sinus minor, sinus concho frontalis sinus frontalis, nasal cavity and jonggi - jonggi in the lower jaw.
Trepansion does not freeze a bone bounded by bone, it can also trepanse fat under the skin, for example in the skin around the lower eye for the purpose of entropion and electron treatment surgery.
Definition:
Trepanasio or the contingent is also trepanation and is a kiyado operation by opening a hard-walled jonggi using a trepan. One of Konto Trepanacio's operations is a craniotomy operation.
Trepanasio gymmunty dinkanta in large animals, among others, to open the maxillaris maxillaris, maxillaris maxillaris, sinus choncho frontalis, sinus frontalis, nasal jonggi and jonggi-cavities in the lower jaw.
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Anatomy and left sinus of Cuda |
Trepanase can be involved in the removal of small or large bones in animals. The procedure for performing trepanation can vary from one patient to an extended patient, depending on the specific needs of the patient.
Janice - Janice Trepanasio operations on animals that are distinguished by the sense of the place or area that will be processed by the open kwanggi process. Types of trepansion surgery, including:
Trepanation of the small maxillary sinus
Sinus trepanation is usually performed for a specific purpose. Goals are a short intermediate path.
- Treatment of emphysema, neoplasm, maxillary sinus tumor
- Help us with third and fourth molars
- Diagnostic checks For surgical purposes
The localization of the small trepanse of the maxillary sinus is at the angle formed by a line parallel to the fascia crest, at a distance of one finger above the fascia crest, a line perpendicular to the edge of the fascia crest.
The maxillary sinus trepanation technique is performed using the with.
- Hevan was laid on a parrot that didn't hurt. Ifa chartan odan sick was unlucky, then odan was laid to parrot dester and so was Birsana.
- The area of the body that will be surgically removed is first. This begins with the shearing of the animal's fur.
- Animals were disinfected and the kiedum was placed under local anaesthesia. General anesthesia can also be given if deemed necessary.
- Make an incision on the skin that we made parallel to the direction of the muscle fibers, holding the reservoir exactly about 5 cm. Beneath the skin are fascia, periosteum and bone as a deep bleeding circle.
- The periosteum is separated and the dan-trapan is placed on the aga-oblique-of-atos-bone.
- The trepan is rotated in a clockwise direction with a particular pressure so that the pieces of bone do not fall into the jonggi .
- After the hole is formed, the next step will be carried out according to the T instruction to drill the maxillary sinus .
Trepanazi . major maxillary sinus
Sinus trepanation is usually performed for a specific purpose. Tujaan - Short Tujaan between paths.
- Enphyema Development, neoplasms and tumors maximally large
- Help me to help remove tooth VI on horses
- For job diagnosis purposes
The location of the maxillary trepanse of the sinus major is on the parallelogram with the crista fascialis fora at one finger width above the crista fascialis, with the crest for the crista fascialis for the hair at twoacri wide.
Choncho Frontal Sinus Trepanation
Trepanation of the choncho frontal sinus is usually performed for simultaneous access to the small and large maxillary sinuses from the same orifice.
Frontal sinus trepanosis
Frontal sinus trepanation is usually performed for the following indications, among others.
- Enfiama treatment, frontal sinus neoplasm
- Diagnostic checks For surgical purposes
- Experiments on a depression velocity where the frontal bone is infractionated (the frontal bone is bent inward).
The site of operation for the frontal sinus trepanse is at an angle formed by the line connecting the supraorbital opening with a line parallel to the midline of the head, at a distance of one width from the lateral line.
Trepanation is not to open a jonggi which is only limited by bone, the menlanga can also be used to trepanate fat under the skin.
One example is trepanation of the skin of the lower eye for the purpose of surgical treatment of entropion and ectropion.
The Purpose and Support of Operation Trepanasio:
Turban turban trepansion on the bone can be made for certain purposes.
- Diagnosing, removing, or treating brain tumors
- Remember or remove the aneurysm
- Removing blood or clots from leaky blood vessels
- Remove arteriovenous malformation (AVM). Abnormal Mass Of Blood Vessels (Arteries and Veins)
- Draining brain abscess. A pocket of infected pus
- Turban Fracture Repair
- Repair of a tear in the brain (dura mater)
- Eliminates vision in the brain (intracranial pressure) by mashen areas damaged or voiding the brain due to trauma or stroke.
- Epilepsy Coping. A neurological condition affecting the brain that makes it more susceptible to seizures.
- Instilling stimulants to bind to non-motional stimuli such as Parkinson's disease or dystonia (a type of movement disorder) in humans.
Trepanation of the turban bone (trepanation of the skull) involves surgery for an epidural hematoma (EDH) or a subdural hematoma (SDH).
Epidural Hematoma (EDH) Subdural Hematoma (SDH) is a type of bleeding that occurs when bleeding.
An epidural hematoma (EGG) is found outside the dura mater, but within the cranial cavity and cyrinia, it has a bicuspid or meyeripal lens.
This organ is located in the temporal or temporal-parietal region, which is caused by a rupture of the medial meningeal artery due to a skull fracture.
Blood clots that are tarahide can be spit out from the mucosa of the arteries, but in such cases can tarahida due to germ veins. However, there is an epidural hematoma (EGG) due to rupture of the sinus venosus, especially in the parietal-occipital area and in the anus.
Although epidural bleeding is rare, it should be considered because it requires prompt diagnostic and surgical intervention.
Epidural billa is helped immediately at an early stage of very bicycle prediction because it is a direct result of the effect of clotting of blood on the brain tissue not lasting long.
In animals with a brief condition of eating before clinical symbols, namely decreased consciousness, pupillary anisocor with light reflex mensena and contralateral hemiparesis are signs of brainstem compression by uncal herniation where it is present. There are two uses of this trepanation operation, namely:
a. extracranial
- Reduction of orbital impact fractures and resistance.
- Tumor Removal or condition such as a prominent tumor or adjacent soft tissue.
b. intracranial
- Reduction of depression fractures that directly affect the brain.
- Removal of the brain tumor and membranes of the brain.
- Intracranial hemp mass removal.
- Intracranial biopsy massage.
The advantages of trepanation surgery on bone craniotomy (craniotomy), among others.
- Provides immediate decompression of the brain with increased intracranial pressure.
- Access to biopsy and removal of intracranial masses.
- Meskan for sln sindarıtın pendang after intracranial surgery.
- Trepanasio members protect against medical surgery.
Disadvantages of trepanation (craniotomy), among others.
- the addition of a relatively skilled surgeon to prevent further exposure to the brain.
- Requires relatively safe anesthetic management during surgery.
- Requires relative management after operations.
- add some special equipment.
- Trepanasio can expose the brain to the risk of acute injury after surgery, particularly with extensive resection and in dogs with staphylococcal muscle coverage or no affected brain.
- Trepanasio is not a supervisor for Celet's intracranial surgery bezuritung langudu pendang.
- Which wires to warm up can interfere with imaging, Titanium plates and monofilaments, or sitaik are better choices for cases where imaging is always a consideration.
Dinka trepansion surgery to provide surgery for neurologic or brain disorders. Short ganguang include:
- Metabolic changes in nerve or glial cells.
- With reduced blood supply to normal blood vessels (ischemia).
- Pathology of self-regulation of cerebral vessels.
- Bleeding (intraprenchymal, intraventricular, extradural or subdural).
- Iritashi (Seizure family).
- Ventricular system obstruction.
- Edema formation.
- Production of physiologically active products.
- Increased intracranial pressure (ICP).
- Hematoma (blood clot)
- aneurysm
- AVM
- skull cap bone
- To remove foreign objects that can be obtained from the brain
Trepane surgery may also be used to remove tumors or other growths in the skull and nearby soft tissue.
Trepanation surgery may be indicated for broad passages that leave large areas of the brain exposed or in animals that have soft-mated brain coverage.
This is usually done in dogs whose breeds usually have short and broad heads.
Trepanasio On Os Skull Quelinci
- First, hevan (rabbit) is anesthetized by intramuscular (gluteus or large muscle) neuroleptanalgesia. Anesthesia used was general anesthesia: using fluanisone 10 mg/ml and fentanyl 0.2 mg/ml; 0.6 ml/kg BW. In this operation do not use premedication drugs.
- After anesthesia, the reaction will appear within 10 minutes. After the animal was under anaesthesia, the head hair was shaved and an antiseptic solution (garexidine alcohol 5 mg/ml) was applied over the surgical braces. The animal is placed on the operating table and tissue is attached to the body in the caudal to the nape area so that the emphasis is on the craniofacial area.
- Surgery begins with shaving the animal hair around the operating area. Then proceed with making an incision pattern before making a skin incision from the nose to the parietal area to the lateral scalp and the mass of the skin, the calvarial bone to be operated on.
- Cut the bone in the calvarial bone part and sutural area using a 6mm belarman blade or a 6mm trepine blade, which is attached to a drill with a velakian. Lesions on the head can be expanded by rongeur dissection. The prose incision should be carefully lowered to allow for deviation of the dural meter and sagittal sinus perforation. During the process of drilling operations on bone, the drilling area, taking into account the physiology of NaCl, for maintenance needs is created in the thermal area.
- To ensure stable hemostasis, use 4.0 Dexon (Assam polyglycol). Then the hole is closed with a nobecutaneous spray.
- During surgery, surgeons and assistants use sterile caps, masks, gloves and sterile surgical gowns. Sterilize equipment in an autoclave every day and night before surgery. The apparatus is then immersed in an alcohol bath for 15 minutes.
- Postoperative care, namely to overcome dehydration at the time before and during the operation, the animals were injected with 10 ml of physiological NaCl subcutaneously in the bacterial section. Hevan then injected 0.1 ml of streptacillin intramuscularly. Alternatively, dihydrostreptomycin 0.25 g/ml or benzylpenicillin 0.2 g/ml.
During the tuning repair process, the kelin is grafted in order to maintain the tuner temperature to return to normal.
Animals stay under safe for 4 hours. Hevan No need to give pain medication after surgery.
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| Rabbit skull who loves trepanation surgery technique |
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| The cat's brain with the trepanation surgery technique |
Trepanation in Cases of Sinus Empyema (primary sinusitis)
Sinus empyema occurs due to obstruction of nasolabial drainage with accumulation of mucus in the sinuses, which then becomes an infection.
Some cases occur after an upper respiratory tract infection that causes inflammation, increased mucus in the sinuses, and decreased secretions from the sinuses into the nasal cavity.
In this trepanation host the horse is usually under general anesthesia or the general anesthetic technique is the anesthetic in the table below.
a table Prepared chemistry to keep the birds on horses, mules and donkeys
During this treatment, the trepanation technique is not always used, but can also use the sinonasal fistula sanitation and for drainage. However, there are certain times when you have to use trepanation techniques. for example, for the span of the lesion.
Or technical procedures regarding trepanation have been explained by the authors of the literature, following is a description of the trepanation technique.
- A curved incision is made through the skin and periosteum of the trepanated woman. Where to stay.
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| Making an incision on the skin |
- A trepanation hole was made using a 5 cm trepanation tool to create a large skut bone into the left frontal sinus in horses, developing access for the dorsal concha, frontal and caudal scirus sinus. Cut bone from trepanation divange.
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| Hole Making Treponasia |
- After the hole.
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| Exudate flows through the trepanation hole |
- Skin folds and periosteum are used to fill the opening of the frontal bone. By using broken slashes (as made by arrows). Then a Foley catheter was placed for the domana irigas with deep exudate eyelids.
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| Punjahita and Foley Cutter Installer |
Trepanation of Casus Cyst of Sinus
Cysts in the sinuses are accumulations of fluid in the sinus spaces of large lesions, which can occur in old to young horses. Most often, sinus cysts occur in the maxillary sinus, but they can also occur in other sinuses.
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| breast cyst |
Image by above. Extensive swelling on the left side of the chest, and an 8-year-old dog (arrows) is the result of tumor reconstruction in response to a cyst developing in the maxillary sinus.
Management of the above cases of [pat done by aspiration or by trepanation disparity.
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| Outcome of cyst case in sinus surgery |
The image above shows an operation performed on the frontal sinus by removing the cyst from the breast (yellow arrow), after which the remaining cyst is removed.
Difficult
Problems with procedures such as chal, possible complications. The risk of brain surgery depends on the specific location of the brain that will be affected by the surgery. Some of the more common complications include: but are not limited to, as berngu.
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