Judul : Teknik Operasi Urethrotomy dan Urethrostomy pada Hewan
link : Teknik Operasi Urethrotomy dan Urethrostomy pada Hewan
Teknik Operasi Urethrotomy dan Urethrostomy pada Hewan
The urethra is the most important part of the body. The urethra contains the utama fungi for mengalerkan pollen keelwar dari toboh.
Saluran urethra juga pentang dalam proeses ejaculasi semen dari salanan food air reproduction. Urethral penduantuan pipa yang sukumita alat beniram bunga.
urethral stricture pada takada penyempitan dari urethral cavity akibat tsetsongnya fibrotic pada dinging urethra.
Strict urethra causes problems for berkemi, mulai dari aliran berkemi yan mengesil sampai sama sekali tidak dapat mengalirkan urin keluar dari tubuh. Urin yang tidak dapat keluar dari tubuh dapat kelamada banyak Complikati, dengan Complikati terberat adalah gagal ginjal.
Urethral strictures are still a common problem in animals. Urethral stricture lebih sering tadiri pada hewan jantan betina betina betina, karena urethra pada betina lebih pendek dan sarang terka infection.
Segala peudasuta yang melukai narrow urethra dapat medarakan. Hewan dapat terlahir du urethra sharp though hal itu srangang tadari.
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Anatomy of the genitourinary system in Angin Janta |
Definition of the operation urethrotomy and urethrectomy
Urethrotomy
Urethrotomy is a surgical procedure on the urethra.
Before the urethral procedure, a catheter must be made to push the stones into the bladder (Vesica Urinaria). If the calculus is large enough to expel urine, then surgery will be done. Diusahakan sedapat mayyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyy
Urethrostomy
Urethrectomy has a continuous urethra. Pembedahan ini is performed to treat severe trauma to the urethra.
The operation is performed to improve urethral obstruction, which is caused by suspended protein, endothelium, trauma, urethral stricture, after urethral surgery, atau kalkuli yang kambukh, atau luka parut (peniempitan) yang mana. Kondisi Dari Menstruksiustra Sedalah Jiwa Pasien Series. Anesthesia is used only for urethrectomy.
Indications
Indications for urethral resection
Urethral resection occurs due to blockage of the urethra with stones.
Urethral surgery from Sedapat mukyak dihindarkan Karena akibat yang dapat erbildi adalahrictura pada waktu penyebuhan.
If there is a blockage associated with stones that usually occur in the proximal part of the penis, diosakane is swabbed to dislodge the stones or enter the bladder.
Indications for urethrostomy
- The urethra is compressed, corresponding to the tip of the penis. Oleg Karena Itu Batu Atau Mud Plug (Dan Atau Crystal) Visa getapatkan Berarang di ujung zakila dan himisatan obstruction kemih
- Penile cancer - although it is unlikely, penile amputation and urethroplasty surgery may be required.
- Injury to the penis or urethra
- Batu kandung kemih, jika cukup kecil dapat lolos dari kandung kemih ke urethra. Sering kali batu - The batu will get stuck in the rod of urethra yaitu pada os. Kadang - kadang batu tidak bisa memerah kembali kelaman kandung kemih atau telah kelamada tereku banyak injury in the urethra. Ketika Hwan Pinasan tidak dapat buang air kecil itu sangat mayakatan dan Racun yang yang kekely diekskrsikan dalam urin makup dalam tubuh. Setelah pelebih hewan peliharan akan mati karena mengusang rakun and alwad electrolyte.
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Hasil x-ray anjing yang temenin Calculations of the bladder and ureter pads. |
Prior anesthesia and surgical anesthesia
In the pre-anaesthesia treatment of both urethral and urethral stoma, the anesthesia administered is general anesthesia, where the dosage and use of the anesthetic varies depending on the type of patient, body weight, patient dosage, drug dosage, etc. Some examples of the use of anesthesia in animals:
Pada Anjing Yang Akan Menjalani Pembedahan Urethrotomy before anesthesia Yang Dibikan Berupa Azepromazine (0.02-0.05 mg/kg) Adhansi Morphine (0.25-1.0 mg/kg IV)/kg and Propofol 6 mg/kg IV.
Pada Anjing Yang Akan Menjalani Pembedahan Prenatal Urethral Anostomy Dengan Bilateral Dilakukan Pre-Anesthesia Dengunaan ButorPhanol (0.2 mg/kg) Secara Intravenous (IV)
Induction of sedation was performed with a dose of Dengan Minjunakan Propofol Dingan 4 mg/kg IV for menstabilkan kondisi penganan sevofl uran dalam 100% oxygen dengan panakan melalloy inhaled.
Pemberian carian Ringer Lactate juga dinka pada pasien selama kyodan operasi dinka.
You can also perform urethral sedation and anesthesia with xylazine hydrochloride at a dose of 0.2 mg/kg intramuscularly and diazepam at a dose of 0.2 mg/kg intravenously. An epidural and topical analgesic containing lidocaine hydrochloride 2% 5-10 ml.
According to the urethrostomy method, initial anesthesia was performed with the method of posterior epidural anesthesia using 6 ml of 5% bupivacaine hydrochloride.
Pada kucing yang akan kemenyaan urethrostomy anesthesia procedure, atropine sulfate and diazepam before the anesthesia hardens, due to ketamine anaesthesia, an intravenous urethrostomy is required.
Surgical technique for resection of the urethra and ureter
Surgical urethral resection technique
- Pasien dibaringkan dengan posizi dexter Lateral extension dibaringkan kearah damping kanan and posizi maxitas cranial and past sinister diikat and gudumban keatas, then a 5 cm incision is made on the side of the penis.
- Potongan yang tumpul Beyata untuk dapat menampakkan bending of the sigmoid gland of the penis yang tersumbat oleh kalkuli.
- It is found abundantly in the proximal and distal parts of the penis, in the dorsal part of the flaccid penis.
- The stone is then removed by inserting a flexible catheter through the ureter into the penis.
- The catheter, then Delebas, Pagyan Yang, first Denise, then Deligasi.
- The penis lubrikasi dengan mengunakan is an antibiotic and anti-inflammatory, but it is also natural.
- Tunic Albugenia dan fascianya kemidu diahit kembali pada bagian kulit.
- The Zakila mengunakan da Rayle tube is held in place by a flexible tube of several threads.
- If the bladder is reached, the multifilament instrument is released and the catheter remains in the bladder, then the long catheter is removed from the long applicator and the tip of the catheter is cut off.
- Note the introduction of oxytetracycline 20% into the penis at a dose of 1 cm/10 kg body weight 3 minutes after administration.
Berikut justice explain lebih langjut menengai process urethral process dengan mengunakan gambar.
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Urethral analgin pad inflammation process |
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Insisi hingga bagian urethra pada anjing |
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Pengeluoran account |
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The quadrant catheter is a size 10 Rayleigh tube and therefore the urinary catheter is larger than the urinary catheter. |
Urethrotomy process
under the cover
- Dorsal extension Pasien dibaringkan dengan, then an incision is made along the midline of the foreskin or the so-called prepuce so that the actuator can reach the penis, then the penis is separated from the foreskin and ascends in the caudal direction. The ischiocavernosus and the urethral muscles appear until the ischial arch of the melintanga approaches the Bengal. Then a 1.7 mm hole was made using a drill on the pubic side and on both sides of the ischium. Then the stabilizer was attached to the 18G cable.
- The penis moves with the urethra of the urethra ligin mengadi melintang and densisi dingan mingunakan biopsy machines molay dari pagan hingga ke linea alba diariman preputium.
- Uretra kemudia diligasi dengan mengunakan beng ukuran 5-0 Absorbable monofilament with jenis ligasi mutres sedera.
- Untuk menguda tenendiana penyempitan maka sistemakan bubgel catheter dengan ukutan 10-Fr selama dua minggu seletah sanakaran.
- The mucous membrane and mucosa are held in place with 5-0 absorbable monofilament sutures, and the sutures are attached with staples.
- The adductor tendon and the prepubic tendon
According to Cousing:
- Pasien dibaringkan dengan posizi Trienburg and insisi dengan benuk ellipse kata pada bagian scrotum and perineum.
- Then an incision is made in the part of the penis up to the connective tissue area.
- The composition of the membrane includes Denisei, Desichikan, Hatti, Denisei, and Desichikan, the foreskin of the penis.
- Untuk dapat menyamakan dengan anastomosisnya, insisi kecil kemil kebida pada bagian garis tengah dari lunch bagian dalam mukosa preputium. Meanwhile, the tubular portion of the foreskin is prepared for anastomosis.
- The penis is ventral and bilateral, corpora cavernosa, which is attached to the pelvis of the pelvis.
- After the Otot penis retractor cut off the head of the bulbourethral gland, the urethra was exposed.
- After catheterization of part of the lumen of the urethra, an incision is made in the urethra and iris 1 cm from the bulbourethral gland.
- The catheter was then changed to a 2.6 mm catheter that is inserted into the pelvic urethra.
- The height of the distal penis is 1 cm from the urethra.
- To perform an anastomosis of the same material, a neat suture is placed and placed in each incision from the tip of the upper part of the incision to the dorsal side of the foreskin, and then attached to a multilayer ligature. .
- NBSP odds: 3-0 and 4-0.
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Penampakan pada kucing yang sudah dikastrasi sebelum |
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Anastomosis preparation |
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Cut the penis hingga kelenar bulbourethralis |
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Insertion of a catheter (Keri) , anastomosis under the mucous membrane of the foreskin and pelvis of the urethra (Kanaan) |
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Luka sayatan Diligasi dengan mengunakan catgut size 3-0 silk (left) and 10 strands of pasca operasi (right) |
According to Sabi:
- Setelah kikantananya kiadaganas aseptis pada bagian yang akan diinsisi, sayatan sin langsaha sekitar 7-8 cm hingga ke subcutaneous layer tepat pada garis tengan pada from the posterior skull region. An incision is made along the fascia between the connective tissues of the penis (otot hingga ke otot bulbocavernosus) and the cavernous body of the urethra.
- urethral kemidu dinsisi tepat pada pagina dimana dapatar kaluli dan obstruction untuk maskar kaluli tersebut.
- Seletah calkuli terangkat dibodane sterile polyethylene and bimitkan mulai dari pagian anterior bladder and posterior external urethra.
Cumping pillow
- Before the operation, the surgical animal is in a ventral position and pada bigan yan akan dioperasan sekara aseptis. Setelah hewan teranestesi dan pasangini kain operi cover (scythe).
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Lateral process of the urethra pada sebal kambing |
- The urethrostomy process itself, the urethrostomy process, the urethrostomy of Namun Bada, the urethrostomy was performed forever, and then the urethral mucosa dijahitkan ke kulit dengan 4-0 nylon dengan sitaik simple eten.
- Jahitan Byata Malaloy The mucous membrane of the urethra, the body cave and the end of the urethra. Lubang Urethral Stomach Pad 1.5-2 cm long.
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Immersion of the mucous membrane of the urethra |
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The mucous membrane of the urethra ke kulit pada sebal cumbing |
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Urethrotomy Tahap Ahir Pada Sebal Kambing |
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opera songs |
Postoperative treatment of urethrectomy and urethrectomy
Ketika munpulg Mining account Dolamah kandung kemih anjing jantan yang dapat hingatut air production kemih semperita hadihan hingga kepilang inci dari ujung penis.
Hallini can cause an acute event that causes damage to the urethra. Therefore, to remove stones, a surgical method of dissection of the urethra is used. Namun ada kalanya sedelah dinka operi dapat munpul Complikiki.
Complications of urethrostomy, urethral stoma bleeding, bacterial infection and strictures. After urethrotomy surgery, the patient is prescribed the following treatments to prevent complications:
- Claviseptin antibiotic (tablets) 2 kali selangi selam 2 mingu.
- Peppersky anti-inflammatory carprofen (tablet) 2 kale silangi atto meloxicam (Cairo) 1 kale silangi selama pelangi harry. Pengguan meloxicam makanan namun meloxicam dapat kemenada muntah atau is indicated for diarrhea.
- Pemberian analgesic tramadol (tablets) 2 kali selangi selama Periode Pasca Operasi Dini.
- pemper povidone iodine and nitrofurazone ointment
Selain Terapia mengunakan obat, another medical treatment in this way:
- Elizabeth Kollar reads 2 minggu pasca operasi to sukukati luka. Sedelah 2 Minggu atau lebih pasca operasi.
- It is recommended to do pengecekan ulang 2 minggu pasca operasi saat eksalut sitaik and pengecekan kepatan um pasien. Sicaligos Dabat Dabat Treats Elizabeth's Collar.
- Bagi peresimilan untuk tepat paytatsara hewennya untuk tidak baniak domana seperti dance seperti dance or memanjat. Make sure the door and window are always closed. Membuat keepan tenang pada pasien dapat melalui giving agar pasien tidak hyperactive terihi.
- Bagi persekamilan untuk tetap obserje apakah proesus urinasi hewan sudah normal karena sempari hari pasca operai semperita tutuwana urinary Frequency sekidi dan with gift.
- According to the lab, the documents are Dingal Dingan, Kara Concertara Dara and Paul Bazin.
- Provide adequate ventilation to keep urine clear and reduce the chance of colic recurring. Satu satu sumber senserung untuk mujakan air hujan sebagai aire minum karena aire hujan tidak melikum metal terlarut air compatible biaa yang Kansas mengandung Calcium carbonate.
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